As winter descends upon us, a surge of viruses is causing concern among health officials and experts alike. The American Heart Association has issued a warning, linking these seasonal viruses to potential heart complications. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, COVID-19, and norovirus are all circulating at alarmingly high levels across the United States, prompting fears of a possible “quademic.”
The connection between viruses and heart disease is not to be taken lightly. The AHA emphasizes that certain viruses can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. According to the AHA, the period of highest risk occurs within three days of infection but remains elevated for up to 90 days. Dr. Johanna Contreras, a cardiologist at Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital in New York City, has witnessed firsthand how symptoms of respiratory illnesses can be mistaken for serious heart issues.
Patients experiencing shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, swelling, and palpitations may attribute these symptoms to a common cold when, in reality, they could be indicative of underlying heart problems. Weakness, fever, dizziness, and chest pain are additional warning signs that should not be ignored, as they could mask potentially life-threatening conditions such as pulmonary embolism, heart attack, pericarditis, heart failure, or viral myocarditis.
Viruses have the potential to trigger inflammation within the body, which can exacerbate existing cardiac conditions. Dr. Icilma Fergus, director of cardiovascular disparities at Mount Sinai Health System, explains that certain viruses that induce a hypercoagulable state, increasing the propensity for blood clots, pose a greater danger. Recently, there has been a heightened focus on RSV and norovirus, in addition to the well-known influenza and COVID viruses.
Dr. Anuradha Lala, another cardiologist at Mount Sinai, emphasizes that the body’s immune response to fight off viruses can inadvertently harm cardiac tissue due to inflammation. This is especially concerning for individuals with preexisting heart conditions such as atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, or heart failure. A recent patient at the hospital experienced severe symptoms, including shortness of breath and palpitations, which initially led to concerns of heart failure. However, further testing revealed a significantly elevated troponin level, indicating a potential heart attack, ultimately diagnosed as influenza A and severe viral myocarditis.
Older adults and those with compromised immune systems or a history of heart issues are particularly vulnerable to cardiac complications. It is crucial for individuals to pay attention to their symptoms and seek medical attention promptly if necessary. Symptoms such as persistent chest pain, difficulty breathing, feelings of passing out, or extremes of blood pressure should not be ignored, especially for those in high-risk groups.
During the cold winter months, viruses can thrive and become more potent, exacerbating the risk of cardiac events. Dr. Fergus advises individuals to remain vigilant and monitor any symptoms closely, as early detection is key to effective treatment. Taking preventive measures, such as frequent handwashing, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and staying home when experiencing symptoms, can help reduce the spread of viruses.
For those in vulnerable groups, getting vaccinated when available is highly recommended. The AHA suggests following simple precautions like washing hands regularly, disinfecting frequently touched surfaces, and covering coughs and sneezes to prevent the transmission of illnesses. By being proactive and attentive to their health, individuals can lower their risk of contracting winter viruses and potentially developing serious heart complications.
As heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the U.S., it is imperative for everyone to prioritize their cardiovascular health. By staying informed, taking preventive measures, and seeking medical attention when needed, we can collectively work towards a healthier and safer winter season. Remember, your heart is the most important muscle in your body—take care of it.
