On Tuesday, November 14, the House of Representatives approved an extension of the American federal state budget, hoping to prevent the famous shutdown, which led to the paralysis of the country’s administration.

This text, supported by elected Democrats and Republicans, must be adopted in the Senate by midnight on the night of Friday to Saturday, in order to avert this threat. If nothing is done to extend the budget by then, the country will suddenly slow down: 1.5 million civil servants will be deprived of salaries, air traffic will be disrupted, while visitors to national parks will find their doors closed .

Most elected officials from both camps do not want this extremely unpopular situation, especially as the Thanksgiving holidays approach. But two months after having narrowly avoided shutting down part of the country, the world’s leading economic power once again finds itself close to the precipice.

Strong dissensions

The dissensions in Congress – between Republicans in the majority in the House and Democrats in control in the Senate – are such that elected officials are currently unable to vote on one-year budgets, contrary to what most economies in the world do. Instead, the United States must settle for a series of one- or two-month mini-budgets.

Each time one of these budgets expires, everything has to be done again: acrimonious negotiations, commented on extensively on social networks, threats, then a series of votes, in the House, in the Senate…

It is very common for last minute agreements to be reached on these finance laws. But the latest negotiations around the American federal budget, at the end of September, plunged Congress into chaos. Trumpist elected officials, furious that the then Republican Speaker of the House, Kevin McCarthy, had reached a last-minute agreement with the Democratic camp, dismissed him, an absolutely unprecedented situation.

Two different deadlines

This time, the agreement on the table proposes to extend the budget with two different deadlines: one part until mid-January, the other until the beginning of February. It was presented by the new Speaker of the House, Mike Johnson, unknown to the general public and with very limited experience within the Republican staff.

The elected official from Louisiana, by his own admission, is still trying to find his feet. “I’ve only been doing this job for three weeks,” he said at a news conference Tuesday.

He is in any case forced to deal, like his predecessor, with a handful of Trumpists, supporters of a very strict budgetary orthodoxy, and the Democrats, who refuse to have the country’s economic policy dictated to them by lieutenants of the former president.

These are the same conservative elected officials who pushed the United States to the brink four months ago. The world’s leading power then avoided a payment default at the last minute following long negotiations between the Biden administration and the conservatives.